org.apache.commons.configuration
Class HierarchicalINIConfiguration

java.lang.Object
  org.apache.commons.configuration.event.EventSource
      org.apache.commons.configuration.AbstractConfiguration
          org.apache.commons.configuration.HierarchicalConfiguration
              org.apache.commons.configuration.AbstractHierarchicalFileConfiguration
                  org.apache.commons.configuration.HierarchicalINIConfiguration

All Implemented Interfaces:

Cloneable, Configuration, ConfigurationListener, FileConfiguration, Serializable

public class HierarchicalINIConfiguration

extends AbstractHierarchicalFileConfiguration

A specialized hierarchical configuration implementation for parsing ini files.

An initialization or ini file is a configuration file typically found on Microsoft's Windows operating system and contains data for Windows based applications.

Although popularized by Windows, ini files can be used on any system or platform due to the fact that they are merely text files that can easily be parsed and modified by both humans and computers.

A typcial ini file could look something like:

[section1]
; this is a comment!
var1 = foo
var2 = bar

[section2]
var1 = doo


The format of ini files is fairly straight forward and is composed of three components:

• Sections: Ini files are split into sections, each section starting with a section declaration. A section declaration starts with a '[' and ends with a ']'. Sections occur on one line only.
• Parameters: Items in a section are known as parameters. Parameters have a typical key = value format.
• Comments: Lines starting with a ';' are assumed to be comments.

There are various implementations of the ini file format by various vendors which has caused a number of differences to appear. As far as possible this configuration tries to be lenient and support most of the differences.

Some of the differences supported are as follows:

• Comments: The '#' character is also accepted as a comment signifier.
• Key value separtor: The ':' character is also accepted in place of '=' to separate keys and values in parameters, for example var1 : foo.
• Duplicate sections: Typically duplicate sections are not allowed, this configuration does however support it. In the event of a duplicate section, the two section's values are merged.
• Duplicate parameters: Typically duplicate parameters are only allowed if they are in two different sections, thus they are local to sections; this configuration simply merges duplicates; if a section has a duplicate parameter the values are then added to the key as a list.

Global parameters are also allowed; any parameters declared before a section is declared are added to a global section. It is important to note that this global section does not have a name.

In all instances, a parameter's key is prepended with its section name and a '.' (period). Thus a parameter named "var1" in "section1" will have the key section1.var1 in this configuration. (This is the default behavior. Because this is a hierarchical configuration you can change this by setting a different ExpressionEngine.)

Implementation Details:

Consider the following ini file:
default = ok

[section1]
var1 = foo
var2 = doodle

[section2]
; a comment
var1 = baz
var2 = shoodle
bad =
= worse

[section3]
# another comment
var1 : foo
var2 : bar
var5 : test1

[section3]
var3 = foo
var4 = bar
var5 = test2


This ini file will be parsed without error. Note:

• The parameter named "default" is added to the global section, it's value is accessed simply using getProperty("default").
• Section 1's parameters can be accessed using getProperty("section1.var1").
• The parameter named "bad" simply adds the parameter with an empty value.
• The empty key with value "= worse" is added using a key consisting of a single space character. This key is still added to section 2 and the value can be accessed using getProperty("section2. "), notice the period '.' and the space following the section name.
• Section three uses both '=' and ':' to separate keys and values.
• Section 3 has a duplicate key named "var5". The value for this key is [test1, test2], and is represented as a List.

Internally, this configuration maps the content of the represented ini file to its node structure in the following way:

• Sections are represented by direct child nodes of the root node.
• For the content of a section, corresponding nodes are created as children of the section node.

This explains how the keys for the properties can be constructed. You can also use other methods of HierarchicalConfiguration for querying or manipulating the hierarchy of configuration nodes, for instance the configurationAt() method for obtaining the data of a specific section.

The set of sections in this configuration can be retrieved using the getSections() method. For obtaining a SubnodeConfiguration with the content of a specific section the getSection() method can be used.

Note: Configuration objects of this type can be read concurrently by multiple threads. However if one of these threads modifies the object, synchronization has to be performed manually.

Since:

1.6

Version:

$Id: HierarchicalINIConfiguration.java 720295 2008-11-24 21:29:42Z oheger $

Author:

Commons Configuration team

See Also:

Serialized Form

Nested Class Summary

Nested classes inherited from class org.apache.commons.configuration.AbstractHierarchicalFileConfiguration

AbstractHierarchicalFileConfiguration.FileConfigurationDelegate

Nested classes inherited from class org.apache.commons.configuration.HierarchicalConfiguration

HierarchicalConfiguration.BuilderVisitor, HierarchicalConfiguration.Node, HierarchicalConfiguration.NodeVisitor

Field Summary

protected static String	COMMENT_CHARS The characters that signal the start of a comment line.
protected static String	SEPARATOR_CHARS The characters used to separate keys from values.

Fields inherited from class org.apache.commons.configuration.HierarchicalConfiguration

EVENT_ADD_NODES, EVENT_CLEAR_TREE, EVENT_SUBNODE_CHANGED

Fields inherited from class org.apache.commons.configuration.AbstractConfiguration

END_TOKEN, EVENT_ADD_PROPERTY, EVENT_CLEAR, EVENT_CLEAR_PROPERTY, EVENT_READ_PROPERTY, EVENT_SET_PROPERTY, START_TOKEN

Constructor Summary

HierarchicalINIConfiguration()
Create a new empty INI Configuration.

HierarchicalINIConfiguration(File file)
Create and load the ini configuration from the given file.

HierarchicalINIConfiguration(String filename)
Create and load the ini configuration from the given file.

HierarchicalINIConfiguration(URL url)
Create and load the ini configuration from the given url.

Method Summary

SubnodeConfiguration	getSection(String name) Returns a configuration with the content of the specified section.
Set	getSections() Return a set containing the sections in this ini configuration.
protected boolean	isCommentLine(String line) Determine if the given line is a comment line.
protected boolean	isSectionLine(String line) Determine if the given line is a section.
void	load(Reader reader) Load the configuration from the given reader.
void	save(Writer writer) Save the configuration to the specified writer.

Methods inherited from class org.apache.commons.configuration.AbstractHierarchicalFileConfiguration

addNodes, addPropertyDirect, clearProperty, clearTree, configurationChanged, containsKey, createDelegate, fetchNodeList, getBasePath, getDelegate, getEncoding, getFile, getFileName, getKeys, getKeys, getProperty, getReloadingStrategy, getURL, isAutoSave, isEmpty, load, load, load, load, load, load, reload, save, save, save, save, save, save, setAutoSave, setBasePath, setDelegate, setEncoding, setFile, setFileName, setProperty, setReloadingStrategy, setURL, subnodeConfigurationChanged

Methods inherited from class org.apache.commons.configuration.HierarchicalConfiguration

clearNode, clearNode, clearReferences, clone, configurationAt, configurationAt, configurationsAt, createAddPath, createNode, createSubnodeConfiguration, createSubnodeConfiguration, fetchAddNode, findLastPathNode, findPropertyNodes, getDefaultExpressionEngine, getExpressionEngine, getMaxIndex, getRoot, getRootNode, interpolatedConfiguration, nodeDefined, nodeDefined, removeNode, removeNode, setDefaultExpressionEngine, setExpressionEngine, setRoot, setRootNode, subset

Methods inherited from class org.apache.commons.configuration.AbstractConfiguration

addErrorLogListener, addProperty, append, clear, clearPropertyDirect, copy, createInterpolator, getBigDecimal, getBigDecimal, getBigInteger, getBigInteger, getBoolean, getBoolean, getBoolean, getByte, getByte, getByte, getDefaultListDelimiter, getDelimiter, getDouble, getDouble, getDouble, getFloat, getFloat, getFloat, getInt, getInt, getInteger, getInterpolator, getList, getList, getListDelimiter, getLogger, getLong, getLong, getLong, getProperties, getProperties, getShort, getShort, getShort, getString, getString, getStringArray, getSubstitutor, interpolate, interpolate, interpolateHelper, isDelimiterParsingDisabled, isThrowExceptionOnMissing, resolveContainerStore, setDefaultListDelimiter, setDelimiter, setDelimiterParsingDisabled, setListDelimiter, setLogger, setThrowExceptionOnMissing

Methods inherited from class org.apache.commons.configuration.event.EventSource

addConfigurationListener, addErrorListener, clearConfigurationListeners, clearErrorListeners, createErrorEvent, createEvent, fireError, fireEvent, getConfigurationListeners, getErrorListeners, isDetailEvents, removeConfigurationListener, removeErrorListener, setDetailEvents

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

Methods inherited from interface org.apache.commons.configuration.Configuration

addProperty, clear, getBigDecimal, getBigDecimal, getBigInteger, getBigInteger, getBoolean, getBoolean, getBoolean, getByte, getByte, getByte, getDouble, getDouble, getDouble, getFloat, getFloat, getFloat, getInt, getInt, getInteger, getList, getList, getLong, getLong, getLong, getProperties, getShort, getShort, getShort, getString, getString, getStringArray, subset

Field Detail

COMMENT_CHARS

protected static final String COMMENT_CHARS

The characters that signal the start of a comment line.

See Also:

Constant Field Values

SEPARATOR_CHARS

protected static final String SEPARATOR_CHARS

The characters used to separate keys from values.

See Also:

Constant Field Values

Constructor Detail

HierarchicalINIConfiguration

public HierarchicalINIConfiguration()

Create a new empty INI Configuration.

HierarchicalINIConfiguration

public HierarchicalINIConfiguration(String filename)
                             throws ConfigurationException

Create and load the ini configuration from the given file.

Parameters:

filename - The name pr path of the ini file to load.

Throws:

ConfigurationException - If an error occurs while loading the file

HierarchicalINIConfiguration

public HierarchicalINIConfiguration(File file)
                             throws ConfigurationException

Create and load the ini configuration from the given file.

Parameters:

file - The ini file to load.

Throws:

ConfigurationException - If an error occurs while loading the file

HierarchicalINIConfiguration

public HierarchicalINIConfiguration(URL url)
                             throws ConfigurationException

Create and load the ini configuration from the given url.

Parameters:

url - The url of the ini file to load.

Throws:

ConfigurationException - If an error occurs while loading the file

Method Detail

save

public void save(Writer writer)
          throws ConfigurationException

Save the configuration to the specified writer.

Parameters:

writer - - The writer to save the configuration to.

Throws:

ConfigurationException - If an error occurs while writing the configuration

load

public void load(Reader reader)
          throws ConfigurationException

Load the configuration from the given reader. Note that the clear method is not called so the configuration read in will be merged with the current configuration.

Parameters:

reader - The reader to read the configuration from.

Throws:

ConfigurationException - If an error occurs while reading the configuration

isCommentLine

protected boolean isCommentLine(String line)

Determine if the given line is a comment line.

Parameters:

line - The line to check.

Returns:

true if the line is empty or starts with one of the comment characters

isSectionLine

protected boolean isSectionLine(String line)

Determine if the given line is a section.

Parameters:

line - The line to check.

Returns:

true if the line contains a secion

getSections

public Set getSections()

Return a set containing the sections in this ini configuration. Note that changes to this set do not affect the configuration.

Returns:

a set containing the sections.

getSection

public SubnodeConfiguration getSection(String name)

Returns a configuration with the content of the specified section. This provides an easy way of working with a single section only. The way this configuration is structured internally, this method is very similar to calling HierarchicalConfiguration.configurationAt(String) with the name of the section in question. There are the following differences however:

• This method never throws an exception. If the section does not exist, an empty configuration is returned.
• There is special support for the global section: Passing in null as section name returns a configuration with the content of the global section (which may also be empty).

Parameters:

name - the name of the section in question; null represents the global section

Returns:

a configuration containing only the properties of the specified section