/*
    *   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
    *   or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
    *   distributed with this work for additional information
    *   regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
    *   to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
    *   "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
    *   with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
    *
   *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   *   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
   *   software distributed under the License is distributed on an
   *   "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
   *   KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
   *   specific language governing permissions and limitations
   *   under the License.
   *
   */
  package org.apache.directory.server.core.security;
  
  
  import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
  import java.io.InputStream;
  import java.math.BigInteger;
  import java.net.InetAddress;
  import java.security.KeyFactory;
  import java.security.KeyPair;
  import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
  import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
  import java.security.PrivateKey;
  import java.security.PublicKey;
  import java.security.Security;
  import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
  import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
  import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
  import java.security.spec.EncodedKeySpec;
  import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
  import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
  import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
  import java.util.Date;
  
  import javax.security.auth.x500.X500Principal;
  
  import org.apache.directory.api.ldap.model.constants.SchemaConstants;
  import org.apache.directory.api.ldap.model.entry.Attribute;
  import org.apache.directory.api.ldap.model.entry.Entry;
  import org.apache.directory.api.ldap.model.exception.LdapException;
  import org.apache.directory.server.i18n.I18n;
  import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider;
  import org.bouncycastle.x509.X509V1CertificateGenerator;
  import org.slf4j.Logger;
  import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
  
  
  /**
   * Generates the default RSA key pair for the server.
   *
   * @author <a href="mailto:dev@directory.apache.org">Apache Directory Project</a>
   */
  public class TlsKeyGenerator
  {
      private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger( TlsKeyGenerator.class );
  
      public static final String TLS_KEY_INFO_OC = "tlsKeyInfo";
      public static final String PRIVATE_KEY_AT = "privateKey";
      public static final String PUBLIC_KEY_AT = "publicKey";
      public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM_AT = "keyAlgorithm";
      public static final String PRIVATE_KEY_FORMAT_AT = "privateKeyFormat";
      public static final String PUBLIC_KEY_FORMAT_AT = "publicKeyFormat";
      public static final String USER_CERTIFICATE_AT = "userCertificate";
  
      private static final String BASE_DN = "OU=Directory, O=ASF, C=US";
  
      public static final String CERTIFICATE_PRINCIPAL_DN = "CN=ApacheDS," + BASE_DN;
  
      private static final String ALGORITHM = "RSA";
  
      /* 
       * Eventually we have to make several of these parameters configurable,
       * however note to pass export restrictions we must use a key size of
       * 512 or less here as the default.  Users can configure this setting
       * later based on their own legal situations.  This is required to 
       * classify ApacheDS in the ECCN 5D002 category.  Please see the following
       * page for more information:
       * 
       *    http://www.apache.org/dev/crypto.html
       * 
       * Also ApacheDS must be classified on the following page:
       * 
       *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/exports
       */
      private static final int KEY_SIZE = 512;
      private static final long YEAR_MILLIS = 365L * 24L * 3600L * 1000L;
  
      static
      {
          Security.addProvider( new BouncyCastleProvider() );
      }
 
 
     /**
      * Gets the certificate associated with the self signed TLS private/public 
      * key pair.
      *
      * @param entry the TLS key/cert entry
      * @return the X509 certificate associated with that entry
      * @throws org.apache.directory.api.ldap.model.exception.LdapException if there are problems accessing or decoding
      */
     public static X509Certificate getCertificate( Entry entry ) throws LdapException
     {
         X509Certificate cert = null;
         CertificateFactory certFactory = null;
 
         try
         {
             certFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance( "X.509", "BC" );
         }
         catch ( Exception e )
         {
             LdapException ne = new LdapException( I18n.err( I18n.ERR_286 ) );
             ne.initCause( e );
             throw ne;
         }
 
         byte[] certBytes = entry.get( USER_CERTIFICATE_AT ).getBytes();
         InputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream( certBytes );
 
         try
         {
             cert = ( X509Certificate ) certFactory.generateCertificate( in );
         }
         catch ( CertificateException e )
         {
             LdapException ne = new LdapException( I18n.err( I18n.ERR_287 ) );
             ne.initCause( e );
             throw ne;
         }
 
         return cert;
     }
 
 
     /**
      * Extracts the public private key pair from the tlsKeyInfo entry.
      *
      * @param entry an entry of the tlsKeyInfo objectClass
      * @return the private and public key pair
      * @throws LdapException if there are format or access issues
      */
     public static KeyPair getKeyPair( Entry entry ) throws LdapException
     {
         PublicKey publicKey = null;
         PrivateKey privateKey = null;
 
         KeyFactory keyFactory = null;
         try
         {
             keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance( ALGORITHM );
         }
         catch ( Exception e )
         {
             LdapException ne = new LdapException( I18n.err( I18n.ERR_288, ALGORITHM ) );
             ne.initCause( e );
             throw ne;
         }
 
         EncodedKeySpec privateKeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec( entry.get( PRIVATE_KEY_AT ).getBytes() );
         try
         {
             privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate( privateKeySpec );
         }
         catch ( Exception e )
         {
             LdapException ne = new LdapException( I18n.err( I18n.ERR_289 ) );
             ne.initCause( e );
             throw ne;
         }
 
         EncodedKeySpec publicKeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec( entry.get( PUBLIC_KEY_AT ).getBytes() );
         try
         {
             publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic( publicKeySpec );
         }
         catch ( InvalidKeySpecException e )
         {
             LdapException ne = new LdapException( I18n.err( I18n.ERR_290 ) );
             ne.initCause( e );
             throw ne;
         }
 
         return new KeyPair( publicKey, privateKey );
     }
 
 
     /**
      * Adds a private key pair along with a self signed certificate to an 
      * entry making sure it contains the objectClasses and attributes needed
      * to support the additions.  This function is intended for creating a TLS
      * key value pair and self signed certificate for use by the server to 
      * authenticate itself during SSL handshakes in the course of establishing
      * an LDAPS connection or a secure LDAP connection using StartTLS. Usually
      * this information is added to the administrator user's entry so the 
      * administrator (effectively the server) can manage these security 
      * concerns.
      * 
      * @param entry the entry to add security attributes to
      * @throws LdapException on problems generating the content in the entry
      */
     public static void addKeyPair( Entry entry ) throws LdapException
     {
         Attribute objectClass = entry.get( SchemaConstants.OBJECT_CLASS_AT );
 
         if ( objectClass == null )
         {
             entry.put( SchemaConstants.OBJECT_CLASS_AT, TLS_KEY_INFO_OC, SchemaConstants.INET_ORG_PERSON_OC );
         }
         else if ( !objectClass.contains( SchemaConstants.INET_ORG_PERSON_OC ) )
         {
             objectClass.add( SchemaConstants.INET_ORG_PERSON_OC );
         }
         else if ( !objectClass.contains( TLS_KEY_INFO_OC ) )
         {
             objectClass.add( TLS_KEY_INFO_OC );
         }
 
         KeyPairGenerator generator = null;
         try
         {
             generator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance( ALGORITHM );
         }
         catch ( NoSuchAlgorithmException e )
         {
             LdapException ne = new LdapException( I18n.err( I18n.ERR_291 ) );
             ne.initCause( e );
             throw ne;
         }
 
         generator.initialize( KEY_SIZE );
         KeyPair keypair = generator.genKeyPair();
         entry.put( KEY_ALGORITHM_AT, ALGORITHM );
 
         // Generate the private key attributes 
         PrivateKey privateKey = keypair.getPrivate();
         entry.put( PRIVATE_KEY_AT, privateKey.getEncoded() );
         entry.put( PRIVATE_KEY_FORMAT_AT, privateKey.getFormat() );
         LOG.debug( "PrivateKey: {}", privateKey );
 
         PublicKey publicKey = keypair.getPublic();
         entry.put( PUBLIC_KEY_AT, publicKey.getEncoded() );
         entry.put( PUBLIC_KEY_FORMAT_AT, publicKey.getFormat() );
         LOG.debug( "PublicKey: {}", publicKey );
 
         // Generate the self-signed certificate
         Date startDate = new Date();
         Date expiryDate = new Date( System.currentTimeMillis() + YEAR_MILLIS );
         BigInteger serialNumber = BigInteger.valueOf( System.currentTimeMillis() );
 
         X509V1CertificateGenerator certGen = new X509V1CertificateGenerator();
         X500Principal issuerDn = new X500Principal( CERTIFICATE_PRINCIPAL_DN );
 
         X500Principal subjectDn = null;
 
         try
         {
             String hostName = InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostName();
             subjectDn = new X500Principal( "CN=" + hostName + "," + BASE_DN );
         }
         catch ( Exception e )
         {
             LOG.warn( "failed to create certificate subject name from host name", e );
             subjectDn = issuerDn;
         }
 
         certGen.setSerialNumber( serialNumber );
         certGen.setIssuerDN( issuerDn );
         certGen.setNotBefore( startDate );
         certGen.setNotAfter( expiryDate );
         certGen.setSubjectDN( subjectDn );
         certGen.setPublicKey( publicKey );
         certGen.setSignatureAlgorithm( "SHA1With" + ALGORITHM );
 
         try
         {
             X509Certificate cert = certGen.generate( privateKey, "BC" );
             entry.put( USER_CERTIFICATE_AT, cert.getEncoded() );
             LOG.debug( "X509 Certificate: {}", cert );
         }
         catch ( Exception e )
         {
             LdapException ne = new LdapException( I18n.err( I18n.ERR_292 ) );
             ne.initCause( e );
             throw ne;
         }
 
         LOG.info( "Keys and self signed certificate successfully generated." );
     }
 
 
     /**
      * @see #addKeyPair(org.apache.directory.api.ldap.model.entry.Entry)
      * 
      * TODO the code is duplicate atm, will eliminate this redundancy after finding
      * a better thought (an instant one is to call this method from the aboveaddKeyPair(entry) and remove the impl there)
      */
     public static void addKeyPair( Entry entry, String issuerDN, String subjectDN, String keyAlgo )
         throws LdapException
     {
         Attribute objectClass = entry.get( SchemaConstants.OBJECT_CLASS_AT );
 
         if ( objectClass == null )
         {
             entry.put( SchemaConstants.OBJECT_CLASS_AT, TLS_KEY_INFO_OC, SchemaConstants.INET_ORG_PERSON_OC );
         }
         else
         {
             objectClass.add( TLS_KEY_INFO_OC, SchemaConstants.INET_ORG_PERSON_OC );
         }
 
         KeyPairGenerator generator = null;
         try
         {
             generator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance( keyAlgo );
         }
         catch ( NoSuchAlgorithmException e )
         {
             LdapException ne = new LdapException( I18n.err( I18n.ERR_291 ) );
             ne.initCause( e );
             throw ne;
         }
 
         generator.initialize( KEY_SIZE );
         KeyPair keypair = generator.genKeyPair();
         entry.put( KEY_ALGORITHM_AT, keyAlgo );
 
         // Generate the private key attributes 
         PrivateKey privateKey = keypair.getPrivate();
         entry.put( PRIVATE_KEY_AT, privateKey.getEncoded() );
         entry.put( PRIVATE_KEY_FORMAT_AT, privateKey.getFormat() );
         LOG.debug( "PrivateKey: {}", privateKey );
 
         PublicKey publicKey = keypair.getPublic();
         entry.put( PUBLIC_KEY_AT, publicKey.getEncoded() );
         entry.put( PUBLIC_KEY_FORMAT_AT, publicKey.getFormat() );
         LOG.debug( "PublicKey: {}", publicKey );
 
         // Generate the self-signed certificate
         Date startDate = new Date();
         Date expiryDate = new Date( System.currentTimeMillis() + YEAR_MILLIS );
         BigInteger serialNumber = BigInteger.valueOf( System.currentTimeMillis() );
 
         X509V1CertificateGenerator certGen = new X509V1CertificateGenerator();
         X500Principal issuerName = new X500Principal( issuerDN );
         X500Principal subjectName = new X500Principal( subjectDN );
 
         certGen.setSerialNumber( serialNumber );
         certGen.setIssuerDN( issuerName );
         certGen.setNotBefore( startDate );
         certGen.setNotAfter( expiryDate );
         certGen.setSubjectDN( subjectName );
         certGen.setPublicKey( publicKey );
         certGen.setSignatureAlgorithm( "SHA1With" + keyAlgo );
 
         try
         {
             X509Certificate cert = certGen.generate( privateKey, "BC" );
             entry.put( USER_CERTIFICATE_AT, cert.getEncoded() );
             LOG.debug( "X509 Certificate: {}", cert );
         }
         catch ( Exception e )
         {
             LdapException ne = new LdapException( I18n.err( I18n.ERR_292 ) );
             ne.initCause( e );
             throw ne;
         }
 
         LOG.info( "Keys and self signed certificate successfully generated." );
     }
 
 }