/*
    *  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
    *  or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
    *  distributed with this work for additional information
    *  regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
    *  to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
    *  "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
    *  with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
    *
   *    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
   *  software distributed under the License is distributed on an
   *  "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
   *  KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
   *  specific language governing permissions and limitations
   *  under the License.
   *
   */
  package org.apache.mina.filter.codec.demux;
  
  import java.util.HashMap;
  import java.util.Map;
  import java.util.Set;
  
  import org.apache.mina.core.session.AttributeKey;
  import org.apache.mina.core.session.IoSession;
  import org.apache.mina.core.session.UnknownMessageTypeException;
  import org.apache.mina.filter.codec.ProtocolEncoder;
  import org.apache.mina.filter.codec.ProtocolEncoderOutput;
  import org.apache.mina.util.CopyOnWriteMap;
  import org.apache.mina.util.IdentityHashSet;
  
  /**
   * A composite {@link ProtocolEncoder} that demultiplexes incoming message
   * encoding requests into an appropriate {@link MessageEncoder}.
   *
   * <h2>Disposing resources acquired by {@link MessageEncoder}</h2>
   * <p>
   * Override {@link #dispose(IoSession)} method. Please don't forget to call
   * <tt>super.dispose()</tt>.
   *
   * @author The Apache MINA Project (dev@mina.apache.org)
   *
   * @see MessageEncoderFactory
   * @see MessageEncoder
   */
  public class DemuxingProtocolEncoder implements ProtocolEncoder {
      
      private final AttributeKey STATE = new AttributeKey(getClass(), "state");
  
      @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
      private final Map<Class<?>, MessageEncoderFactory> type2encoderFactory = new CopyOnWriteMap<Class<?>, MessageEncoderFactory>();
  
      private static final Class<?>[] EMPTY_PARAMS = new Class[0];
  
      public DemuxingProtocolEncoder() {
          // Do nothing
      }
  
      @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
      public void addMessageEncoder(Class<?> messageType, Class<? extends MessageEncoder> encoderClass) {
          if (encoderClass == null) {
              throw new NullPointerException("encoderClass");
          }
  
          try {
              encoderClass.getConstructor(EMPTY_PARAMS);
          } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                      "The specified class doesn't have a public default constructor.");
          }
  
          boolean registered = false;
          if (MessageEncoder.class.isAssignableFrom(encoderClass)) {
              addMessageEncoder(messageType, new DefaultConstructorMessageEncoderFactory(encoderClass));
              registered = true;
          }
  
          if (!registered) {
              throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                      "Unregisterable type: " + encoderClass);
          }
      }
  
      @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
      public <T> void addMessageEncoder(Class<T> messageType, MessageEncoder<? super T> encoder) {
          addMessageEncoder(messageType, new SingletonMessageEncoderFactory(encoder));
      }
  
      public <T> void addMessageEncoder(Class<T> messageType, MessageEncoderFactory<? super T> factory) {
          if (messageType == null) {
              throw new NullPointerException("messageType");
          }
          
          if (factory == null) {
              throw new NullPointerException("factory");
          }
          
         synchronized (type2encoderFactory) {
             if (type2encoderFactory.containsKey(messageType)) {
                 throw new IllegalStateException(
                         "The specified message type (" + messageType.getName() + ") is registered already.");
             }
             
             type2encoderFactory.put(messageType, factory);
         }
     }
 
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     public void addMessageEncoder(Iterable<Class<?>> messageTypes, Class<? extends MessageEncoder> encoderClass) {
         for (Class<?> messageType : messageTypes) {
             addMessageEncoder(messageType, encoderClass);
         }
     }
     
     public <T> void addMessageEncoder(Iterable<Class<? extends T>> messageTypes, MessageEncoder<? super T> encoder) {
         for (Class<? extends T> messageType : messageTypes) {
             addMessageEncoder(messageType, encoder);
         }
     }
     
     public <T> void addMessageEncoder(Iterable<Class<? extends T>> messageTypes, MessageEncoderFactory<? super T> factory) {
         for (Class<? extends T> messageType : messageTypes) {
             addMessageEncoder(messageType, factory);
         }
     }
     
     public void encode(IoSession session, Object message,
             ProtocolEncoderOutput out) throws Exception {
         State state = getState(session);
         MessageEncoder<Object> encoder = findEncoder(state, message.getClass());
         if (encoder != null) {
             encoder.encode(session, message, out);
         } else {
             throw new UnknownMessageTypeException(
                     "No message encoder found for message: " + message);
         }
     }
 
     protected MessageEncoder<Object> findEncoder(State state, Class<?> type) {
         return findEncoder(state, type, null);
     }
 
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     private MessageEncoder<Object> findEncoder(
             State state, Class type, Set<Class> triedClasses) {
         MessageEncoder encoder = null;
 
         if (triedClasses != null && triedClasses.contains(type)) {
             return null;
         }
 
         /*
          * Try the cache first.
          */
         encoder = state.findEncoderCache.get(type);
         if (encoder != null) {
             return encoder;
         }
 
         /*
          * Try the registered encoders for an immediate match.
          */
         encoder = state.type2encoder.get(type);
 
         if (encoder == null) {
             /*
              * No immediate match could be found. Search the type's interfaces.
              */
 
             if (triedClasses == null) {
                 triedClasses = new IdentityHashSet<Class>();
             }
             triedClasses.add(type);
 
             Class[] interfaces = type.getInterfaces();
             for (Class element : interfaces) {
                 encoder = findEncoder(state, element, triedClasses);
                 if (encoder != null) {
                     break;
                 }
             }
         }
 
         if (encoder == null) {
             /*
              * No match in type's interfaces could be found. Search the
              * superclass.
              */
 
             Class superclass = type.getSuperclass();
             if (superclass != null) {
                 encoder = findEncoder(state, superclass);
             }
         }
 
         /*
          * Make sure the encoder is added to the cache. By updating the cache
          * here all the types (superclasses and interfaces) in the path which
          * led to a match will be cached along with the immediate message type.
          */
         if (encoder != null) {
             state.findEncoderCache.put(type, encoder);
         }
 
         return encoder;
     }
 
     public void dispose(IoSession session) throws Exception {
         session.removeAttribute(STATE);
     }
     
     private State getState(IoSession session) throws Exception {
         State state = (State) session.getAttribute(STATE);
         if (state == null) {
             state = new State();
             State oldState = (State) session.setAttributeIfAbsent(STATE, state);
             if (oldState != null) {
                 state = oldState;
             }
         }
         return state;
     }
     
     private class State {
         @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
         private final Map<Class<?>, MessageEncoder> findEncoderCache = new HashMap<Class<?>, MessageEncoder>();
 
         @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
         private final Map<Class<?>, MessageEncoder> type2encoder = new HashMap<Class<?>, MessageEncoder>();
         
         @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
         private State() throws Exception {
             for (Map.Entry<Class<?>, MessageEncoderFactory> e: type2encoderFactory.entrySet()) {
                 type2encoder.put(e.getKey(), e.getValue().getEncoder());
             }
         }
     }
 
     private static class SingletonMessageEncoderFactory<T> implements
             MessageEncoderFactory<T> {
         private final MessageEncoder<T> encoder;
 
         private SingletonMessageEncoderFactory(MessageEncoder<T> encoder) {
             if (encoder == null) {
                 throw new NullPointerException("encoder");
             }
             this.encoder = encoder;
         }
 
         public MessageEncoder<T> getEncoder() {
             return encoder;
         }
     }
 
     private static class DefaultConstructorMessageEncoderFactory<T> implements
             MessageEncoderFactory<T> {
         private final Class<MessageEncoder<T>> encoderClass;
 
         private DefaultConstructorMessageEncoderFactory(Class<MessageEncoder<T>> encoderClass) {
             if (encoderClass == null) {
                 throw new NullPointerException("encoderClass");
             }
 
             if (!MessageEncoder.class.isAssignableFrom(encoderClass)) {
                 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                         "encoderClass is not assignable to MessageEncoder");
             }
             this.encoderClass = encoderClass;
         }
 
         public MessageEncoder<T> getEncoder() throws Exception {
             return encoderClass.newInstance();
         }
     }
 }