Title: Manual Installation
{composition-setup}
{composition-setup}
<a name="ManualInstallation-Overview"></a>
# Overview

The manual installation process is significantly harder then the [automatic installation](tomcat.html)
 which we normally recommend.  In this installation process you will do the
following:

1. Install openejb.war
1. # Download openejb.war from the [OpenEJB download page](http://people.apache.org/~dain/openejb-temp)
1. # Make webapps/openejb directory
1. # Change to new webapps/openejb directory
1. # Unpack the openejb.war file in the new directory
1. Add the OpenEJB listener the conf/server.xml file
1. Update the non-compliant Tomcat annotations-api.jar
1. Add the OpenEJB JavaAgent to the bin/catalina.bat or bin/catalina.bat
script

<a name="ManualInstallation-{anchor:install-openejb}Installopenejb.war"></a>
# {anchor:install-openejb}Install openejb.war

Once Tomcat has been [installed](tomcat-installation.html)
, the OpenEJB plugin for Tomcat can be installed.  The war can be obtained
from the [OpenEJB download page|http://people.apache.org/~dain/openejb-temp]
.  The commands in this example are executed from within the Tomcat
installation directory.

<a name="ManualInstallation-UnpackOpenEJBTomcatplugininTomcatwebappsdirectory"></a>
## Unpack OpenEJB Tomcat plugin in Tomcat webapps directory

{warning:title=Be Careful}This is the most error prone step.  A web
application does not contain a root directory, so if you unpack it in the
wrong directory, it is difficult to undo.  Please, follow this step
closely, and most importantly *make sure you execute the unpack command
from within the new webapps/openejb directory*.{warning}

Due to the structure of war files, you must create a new directory for
OpenEJB, change to the new directory and execute the unpack command from
within the new directory.  If you get this wrong, it is difficult to undo,
so follow the steps closely.

{deck:id=unpack tomcat}
{card:label=Windows}{noformat:nopanel=true}
C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.14>mkdir webapps\openejb

C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.14>cd webapps\openejb

C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.14\webapps\openejb>jar -xvf \openejb.war
  created: WEB-INF/
  created: WEB-INF/classes/
  created: WEB-INF/classes/org/
  created: WEB-INF/classes/org/apache/
  created: WEB-INF/classes/org/apache/openejb/
...snip...

C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.14\webapps\openejb>dir
 Volume in drive C has no label.
 Volume Serial Number is 0000-0000

 Directory of C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.14\webapps\openejb

09/21/2007  10:19 AM	<DIR>	       .
09/21/2007  10:19 AM	<DIR>	       ..
09/21/2007  10:19 AM		 1,000 index.html
09/21/2007  10:19 AM	<DIR>	       lib
09/21/2007  10:19 AM		11,358 LICENSE
09/21/2007  10:19 AM	<DIR>	       META-INF
09/21/2007  10:19 AM		11,649 NOTICE
09/21/2007  10:19 AM		 1,018 openejb.xml
09/21/2007  10:19 AM		 1,886 README.txt
09/21/2007  10:19 AM	<DIR>	       tomcat
09/21/2007  10:19 AM	<DIR>	       WEB-INF
	       5 File(s)	 26,911 bytes
	       6 Dir(s)   4,633,796,608 bytes free

C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.14\webapps\openejb>cd ..\..

C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.14>

    {card:label=Unix}{noformat:nopanel=true}
    apache-tomcat-6.0.14$ mkdir webapps/openejb
    
    apache-tomcat-6.0.14$ cd webapps/openejb/
    
    apache-tomcat-6.0.14/webapps/openejb$ jar -xvf path/to/openejb.war 
      created: WEB-INF/
      created: WEB-INF/classes/
      created: WEB-INF/classes/org/
      created: WEB-INF/classes/org/apache/
      created: WEB-INF/classes/org/apache/openejb/
    ...snip...
    
    apache-tomcat-6.0.14/webapps/openejb$ ls
    LICENSE      META-INF/	  NOTICE       README.txt   WEB-INF/	 index.html
  lib/	       openejb.xml  tomcat/
    
    apache-tomcat-6.0.14/webapps/openejb$ cd ../..
    
    apache-tomcat-6.0.14$

{deck}

<a name="ManualInstallation-AddtheOpenEJBlistenertoTomcat"></a>
## Add the OpenEJB listener to Tomcat 

All Tomcat listener classes must be available in the Tomcat common class
loader, so the openejb-loader jar must be copied into the Tomcat lib
directory.

{deck:id=copy openejb loader}
{card:label=Windows}{noformat:nopanel=true}
C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.14>copy
webapps\openejb\lib\openejb-loader-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
lib\openejb-loader.jar
	1 file(s) copied.

    {card:label=Unix}{noformat:nopanel=true}
    apache-tomcat-6.0.14$ cp webapps/openejb/lib/openejb-loader-*.jar
lib/openejb-loader.jar

{deck}

Add the following {highlight}highlighted lines{highlight} to your
conf/server.xml file to load the OpenEJB listener:
 
{panel:title=conf/server.xml}
<!-- Note:  A "Server" is not itself a "Container", so you may not
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;define subcomponents such as "Valves" at this
level.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Documentation at /docs/config/server.html
 -->
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
&nbsp;&nbsp;{highlight}<!-- OpenEJB plugin for tomcat -->{highlight}
&nbsp;&nbsp;{highlight}<Listener
className="org.apache.openejb.loader.OpenEJBListener" />{highlight}

&nbsp;&nbsp;<!--APR library loader. Documentation at /docs/apr.html -->
&nbsp;&nbsp;<Listener
className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
...snip...
{panel} 

<a name="ManualInstallation-UpdatetheTomcatannotations-api.jarfile"></a>
## Update the Tomcat annotations-api.jar file

Tomcat contains an old non-compliant version of the javax.annotation
classes and these invalid classes must be updated so OpenEJB can process
annotations.  Simply, replace the annotations-api.jar in the Tomcat lib
directory with the updated annotations-api.jar in the OpenEJB war.

{deck:id=update annotations-api.jar}
{card:label=Windows}{noformat:nopanel=true}
C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.14>copy webapps\openejb\tomcat\annotations-api.jar
lib\annotations-api.jar
Overwrite lib\annotations-api.jar? (Yes/No/All): y
	1 file(s) copied.

    {card:label=Unix}{noformat:nopanel=true}
    apache-tomcat-6.0.14$ cp webapps/openejb/tomcat/annotations-api.jar
lib/annotations-api.jar 

{deck}

<a name="ManualInstallation-{anchor:javaagent}AddOpenEJBjavaagenttoTomcatstartup"></a>
## {anchor:javaagent} Add OpenEJB javaagent to Tomcat startup

OpenJPA, the Java Persistence implementation used by OpenEJB, currently
must enhanced persistence classes to function properly, and this requires
the installation of a javaagent into the Tomcat startup process.

First, copy the OpenEJB JavaAgent jar into the lib directory.

{deck:id=unpack tomcat}
{card:label=Windows}{noformat:nopanel=true}
C:\apache-tomcat-6.0.14>copy
webapps\openejb\lib\openejb-javaagent-3.0.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
lib\openejb-javaagent.jar
	1 file(s) copied.

    {card:label=Unix}{noformat:nopanel=true}
    apache-tomcat-6.0.14$ cp webapps/openejb/lib/openejb-javaagent-*.jar
lib/openejb-javaagent.jar

{deck}

Simply, add the following {highlight}highlighted lines{highlight} to the
bin/catalina.bat (Windows) or bin/catalina.sh (Unix) file to enable the
OpenEJB javaagent:

{deck:id=update script}
{card:label=Windows}
{panel:title=bin/catalina.bat}
...snip...
if not exist "%CATALINA_BASE%\conf\logging.properties" goto noJuli
set JAVA_OPTS=%JAVA_OPTS%
-Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager
-Djava.util.logging.config.file="%CATALINA_BASE%\conf\logging.properties"
:noJuli

{highlight}rem Add OpenEJB javaagent
if not exist "%CATALINA_BASE%\webapps\openejb\lib\openejb-javaagent.jar"
goto noOpenEJBJavaagent
set
JAVA_OPTS="-javaagent:%CATALINA_BASE%\webapps\openejb\lib\openejb-javaagent.jar"
%JAVA_OPTS%
:noOpenEJBJavaagent{highlight}

rem ----- Execute The Requested Command
---------------------------------------

echo Using CATALINA_BASE:   %CATALINA_BASE%
echo Using CATALINA_HOME:   %CATALINA_HOME%
...snip...
{panel} 
{card}
{card:label=Unix}
{panel:title=bin/catalina.sh}
...snip...
\# Set juli LogManager if it is present
if [OPENEJB: -r "$CATALINA_BASE"/conf/logging.properties ](openejb:--r-"$catalina_base"/conf/logging.properties-.html)
; then
&nbsp;&nbsp;JAVA_OPTS="$JAVA_OPTS
"-Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager"
"-Djava.util.logging.config.file="$CATALINA_BASE/conf/logging.properties"
fi

{highlight}\# Add OpenEJB javaagent
if [OPENEJB: -r "$CATALINA_BASE"/webapps/lib/openejb-javaagent.jar ](openejb:--r-"$catalina_base"/webapps/lib/openejb-javaagent.jar-.html)
; then
&nbsp;&nbsp;JAVA_OPTS=""-javaagent:$CATALINA_BASE/lib/openejb-javaagent.jar"
$JAVA_OPTS"
fi{highlight}

\# ----- Execute The Requested Command
-----------------------------------------

\# Bugzilla 37848: only output this if we have a TTY
if [OPENEJB: $have_tty -eq 1 ](openejb:-$have_tty--eq-1-.html)
; then
&nbsp;&nbsp;echo "Using CATALINA_BASE:	 $CATALINA_BASE"
...snip...
{panel} 
{card}
{deck}

*NOTE:* The example above is an excerpt from the middle of the
bin/catalina.sh file.  Search for "Execute" in the file to locate the
correct position in the file to add the new lines.