Provides implementations of {@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalService}. Three implementations are available for use with the {@link com.sun.jini.start} package:

The JAR file norm.jar, included in the lib subdirectory of the Apache River release installation, contains the classes for the three Norm service implementations. The norm-dl.jar and jsk-dl.jar files in the lib-dl subdirectory contain the classes needed in the codebase for its downloaded proxies. None of these JAR files include classes from jsk-platform.jar, which are included by the service starter's start.jar JAR file, and need to be included in the codebase of clients.

The object returned by the {@link net.jini.admin.Administrable#getAdmin Administrable.getAdmin} method on a Norm service proxy implements {@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin} and {@link com.sun.jini.admin.DestroyAdmin}.

This document provides the following information about Norm:

Configuring Norm

The Norm service implementation obtains its configuration by calling {@link net.jini.config.ConfigurationProvider#getInstance(String[], ClassLoader) ConfigurationProvider.getInstance} with the specified configOptions and the class loader for the implementation class.

The implementation supports the following configuration entries, with component com.sun.jini.norm:

• activationIdPreparer
  Type: {@link net.jini.security.ProxyPreparer}
  Default: new {@link net.jini.security.BasicProxyPreparer}()
  Description: The proxy preparer for the service's activation ID. The value should not be null. This entry is obtained at service start and restart. This entry is only used by the activatable implementation.

Clients call the {@link java.rmi.activation.ActivationID#activate activate} method on instances of {@link java.rmi.activation.ActivationID} when they need to reactivate the service.

• activationSystemPreparer
  Type: {@link net.jini.security.ProxyPreparer}
  Default: new {@link net.jini.security.BasicProxyPreparer}()
  Description: The proxy preparer for the proxy for the activation system. The value should not be null. This entry is obtained at service start and restart. This entry is only used by the activatable implementation.

The service calls the {@link java.rmi.activation.ActivationSystem#unregisterObject unregisterObject} method on the {@link java.rmi.activation.ActivationSystem} when the service is destroyed.

• discoveryManager
  Type: {@link net.jini.discovery.DiscoveryManagement}
  Default: 
new {@link net.jini.discovery.LookupDiscoveryManager}(
    {@link net.jini.discovery.DiscoveryGroupManagement#NO_GROUPS},
    null,  // locators
    null,  // listener
    this)  // config
  Description: Supplies an object used to discover the lookup services with which this service should register. The value should not be null. The object returned must also implement {@link net.jini.discovery.DiscoveryGroupManagement} and {@link net.jini.discovery.DiscoveryLocatorManagement}, and should be configured initially to discover no groups or specific lookup services. This entry is obtained at service start and restart.
• initialLookupAttributes
  Type: {@link net.jini.core.entry.Entry}[]
  Default: null
  Description: Entries to include in the set of attributes the service supplies when registering with lookup services, in addition to {@link net.jini.lookup.entry.ServiceInfo} and {@link com.sun.jini.lookup.entry.BasicServiceType} instances provided by the service. An empty array or null specifies that only the service-provided attributes should be added. The array must not contain null elements. This entry is obtained and used when the service is first started. Following initial startup, the set of attributes is controlled though the service's {@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin} administrable interface.
• initialLookupGroups
  Type: String[]
  Default: new String[] { "" } /* public group */
  Description: The names of the lookup groups that the service should discover and join. An empty array specifies that no groups should be joined. A null value specifies that all groups should be joined. Otherwise, the value specifies the names of the groups to join. The array must not contain null elements. This entry is obtained and used when the service is first started. Following initial startup, the set of lookup groups is controlled through the service's {@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin} administrable interface.
• initialLookupLocators
  Type: {@link net.jini.core.discovery.LookupLocator}[]
  Default: null /* no locators */
  Description: The locations of specific lookup services that the service should discover and join. An empty array or null specifies that no specific lookup services should be joined. The array must not contain null elements. This entry is obtained and used when the service is first started. Following initial startup, the set of specific lookup services is controlled through the service's {@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin} administrable interface.

The LookupLocator instances specified in this entry will not be prepared by the proxy preparer specified in the locatorPreparer entry, and will only be prepared by the preparer in the recoveredLocatorPreparer entry when they are being recovered.

• isolateSets
  Type: boolean
  Default: false
  Description: Whether to isolate leases in their own renewal sets rather than batching leases in different sets. This entry is obtained at service start and restart.

Setting this entry to false (the default) makes it more likely that the service can achieve better performance by batching leases, because it permits leases in different lease sets to be batched together. Note that batching leases across sets introduces the risk that mutually mistrustful leases in different sets will "capture" each other when they are batched, allowing an untrustworthy lease to gain access to leases in other sets.

• leaseManager
  Type: {@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalManager}
  Default: new LeaseRenewalManager(this /* config */)
  Description: Supplies the lease renewal manager that Norm both uses to renew client leases and passes to the constructor when creating its {@link net.jini.lookup.JoinManager}. The value should not be null. This entry is obtained at service start and restart.
• leasePolicy
  Type: {@link com.sun.jini.landlord.LeasePeriodPolicy}
  Default: 
new {@link com.sun.jini.landlord.FixedLeasePeriodPolicy}(
    2 * 60 * 60 * 1000L,  // max = 2 hours
    60 * 60 * 1000L)      // default = 1 hour
  Description: The policy for calculating lease grants and renewals. The value should not be null. The default grants leases with a maximum duration of 2 hours and a default duration of 1 hour. This entry is obtained at service start and restart.
• leasePreparer
  Type: {@link net.jini.security.ProxyPreparer}
  Default: new {@link net.jini.security.BasicProxyPreparer}()
  Description: Prepares client leases for use when they are supplied in calls to {@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalSet#renewFor LeaseRenewalSet.renewFor} or {@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalSet#remove LeaseRenewalSet.remove}. The value should not be null. The preparer must return a lease which is equal to the original lease as determined by {@link java.lang.Object#equals Object.equals}. This entry is obtained at service start and restart.

This preparer needs to perform all operations needed to use a newly received lease, typically including verifying trust in the lease proxy, granting permissions, and setting constraints. The prepared lease will be retained by the service in its persistent store.

The service calls the {@link net.jini.core.lease.Lease#renew renew} method on {@link net.jini.core.lease.Lease} instances, and the {@link net.jini.core.lease.LeaseMap#renewAll renewAll} method on lease maps it creates (via the {@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalManager}) from the leases.

• listenerPreparer
  Type: {@link net.jini.security.ProxyPreparer}
  Default: new {@link net.jini.security.BasicProxyPreparer}()
  Description: Prepares expiration warning and renewal failure listeners for use when they are supplied in calls to {@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalSet#setExpirationWarningListener LeaseRenewalSet.setExpirationWarningListener} and {@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalSet#setRenewalFailureListener LeaseRenewalSet.setRenewalFailureListener}. The value should not be null. The preparer must return a listener which is equal to the original listener as determined by {@link java.lang.Object#equals Object.equals}. This entry is obtained at service start and restart.

This preparer needs to perform all operations needed to use a newly received listener, typically including verifying trust in the listener proxy, granting permissions, and setting constraints. The prepared listener will be retained by the service in its persistent store.

The service calls the {@link net.jini.core.event.RemoteEventListener#notify notify} method on {@link net.jini.core.event.RemoteEventListener} objects.

• locatorPreparer
  Type: {@link net.jini.security.ProxyPreparer}
  Default: new {@link net.jini.security.BasicProxyPreparer}()
  Description: Prepares {@link net.jini.core.discovery.LookupLocator} instances for use that are passed to {@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin} methods. The value should not be null. When registering with lookup services, this service may call or use the constraints assigned to the {@link net.jini.core.discovery.LookupLocator#getRegistrar getRegistrar} methods of LookupLocator instances returned from this preparer. This entry is obtained at service start and restart.

This preparer needs to perform all operations needed to use a newly received lookup locator, typically including verifying trust in the lookup locator and setting constraints. The prepared lookup locator will be retained by the service in its persistent store.

The LookupLocator instances obtained from the initialLookupLocators configuration entry will not be prepared by this preparer.

• loginContext
  Type: {@link javax.security.auth.login.LoginContext}
  Default: null
  Description: If not null, specifies the JAAS login context to use for performing a JAAS login and supplying the {@link javax.security.auth.Subject} to use when running the service. If null, no JAAS login is performed. This entry is obtained at service start and restart.
• persistenceDirectory
  Type: String
  Default: Required for persistent implementations: no default
  Description: The directory where the service's persistent state is recorded. The value should not be null. This entry is obtained at service start and restart. This entry is required for persistent implementations and is otherwise not used.
• persistenceSnapshotThreshold
  Type: int
  Default: 200
  Description: The threshold used to determine whether or not to take a snapshot of the server's state. The value should not be negative. The service will delay making new snapshots until the number of log updates is greater than this value. This entry is obtained at service start and restart. This entry is only used by persistent implementations.
• persistenceSnapshotWeight
  Type: float
  Default: 10.0f
  Description: The weight factor used to determine whether or not to take a snapshot of the server's state. The value should not be negative. The value represents the ratio of the size of an item in a snapshot versus the size of a log update. This entry is obtained at service start and restart. This entry is only used by persistent implementations.
• recoveredLeasePreparer
  Type: {@link net.jini.security.ProxyPreparer}
  Default: new {@link net.jini.security.BasicProxyPreparer}()
  Description: Prepares client leases for use when they are recovered from persistent storage. The value should not be null. The preparer must return a lease which is equal to the original lease as determined by {@link java.lang.Object#equals Object.equals}. This entry is obtained at service start and restart. This entry is only used by persistent implementations.

This preparer needs to perform only those operations whose results are not retained in the lease proxy itself, but need to be performed in the environment in which the proxy is unmarshalled, typically just granting permissions.

The service calls the {@link net.jini.core.lease.Lease#renew renew} method on {@link net.jini.core.lease.Lease} instances, and the {@link net.jini.core.lease.LeaseMap#renewAll renewAll} method on lease maps it creates (via the {@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalManager}) from the leases.

• recoveredListenerPreparer
  Type: {@link net.jini.security.ProxyPreparer}
  Default: new {@link net.jini.security.BasicProxyPreparer}()
  Description: Prepares expiration warning and renewal failure listeners for use when they are recovered from persistent storage. The value should not be null. The preparer must return a listener which is equal to the original listener as determined by {@link java.lang.Object#equals Object.equals}. This entry is obtained at service start and restart. This entry is only used by persistent implementations.

This preparer needs to perform only those operations whose results are not retained in the listener proxy itself, but need to be performed in the environment in which the proxy is unmarshalled, typically just granting permissions.

The service calls the {@link net.jini.core.event.RemoteEventListener#notify notify} method on {@link net.jini.core.event.RemoteEventListener} objects.

• recoveredLocatorPreparer
  Type: {@link net.jini.security.ProxyPreparer}
  Default: new {@link net.jini.security.BasicProxyPreparer}()
  Description: Prepares {@link net.jini.core.discovery.LookupLocator} instances for use when they are recovered from persistent storage. The value should not be null. When registering with lookup services, this service may call or use the constraints assigned to the {@link net.jini.core.discovery.LookupLocator#getRegistrar getRegistrar} methods of LookupLocator instances returned from this preparer. This entry is obtained at service start and restart. This entry is only used by persistent implementations.

This preparer needs to perform only those operations whose results are not retained in the lookup locator itself, but need to be performed in the environment in which the lookup locator is unmarshalled. Typically no operations are needed.

The LookupLocator instances obtained from the initialLookupLocators configuration entry will not be prepared by this preparer until they are being recovered.

• serverExporter
  Type: {@link net.jini.export.Exporter}
  Default: 
// Activatable implementation
new {@link net.jini.activation.ActivationExporter}(
    activationID,
    new {@link net.jini.jeri.BasicJeriExporter}(
        {@link net.jini.jeri.tcp.TcpServerEndpoint#getInstance TcpServerEndpoint.getInstance}(0),
        new {@link net.jini.jeri.BasicILFactory}()))
// Non-activatable implementations
new {@link net.jini.jeri.BasicJeriExporter}(
    {@link net.jini.jeri.tcp.TcpServerEndpoint#getInstance TcpServerEndpoint.getInstance}(0),
    new {@link net.jini.jeri.BasicILFactory}())
  Description: The object to use for exporting the service. The value should not be null. In the activatable case, the call to getEntry will supply the activation ID in the data argument. This entry is obtained at service start and restart.

Norm passes its configuration when creating instances of the following configurable classes, which may support additional configuration entries:

Access Control Permission Targets

The following table lists the remote methods on Norm's proxy objects and the associated target names for enforcing access control using {@link com.sun.jini.norm.NormPermission}:

Proxy Method Target Name
{@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalService#createLeaseRenewalSet LeaseRenewalService.createLeaseRenewalSet} createLeaseRenewalSet
{@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalSet#renewFor(Lease,long) LeaseRenewalSet.renewFor(Lease, long)}, {@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalSet#renewFor(Lease,long,long) LeaseRenewalSet.renewFor(Lease, long, long)} renewFor
{@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalSet#remove LeaseRenewalSet.remove} remove
{@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalSet#getLeases LeaseRenewalSet.getLeases} getLeases
{@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalSet#setExpirationWarningListener LeaseRenewalSet.setExpirationWarningListener}, {@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalSet#clearExpirationWarningListener LeaseRenewalSet.clearExpirationWarningListener} setExpirationWarningListener
{@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalSet#setRenewalFailureListener LeaseRenewalSet.setRenewalFailureListener}, {@link net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalSet#clearRenewalFailureListener LeaseRenewalSet.clearRenewalFailureListener} setRenewalFailureListener
{@link net.jini.core.lease.Lease#renew Lease.renew} renew
{@link net.jini.core.lease.Lease#cancel Lease.cancel} cancel
{@link net.jini.core.lease.LeaseMap#renewAll LeaseMap.renewAll} renewAll
{@link net.jini.core.lease.LeaseMap#cancelAll LeaseMap.cancelAll} cancelAll
{@link net.jini.admin.Administrable#getAdmin Administrable.getAdmin} getAdmin
{@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin#getLookupAttributes JoinAdmin.getLookupAttributes} getLookupAttributes
{@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin#addLookupAttributes JoinAdmin.addLookupAttributes} addLookupAttributes
{@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin#modifyLookupAttributes JoinAdmin.modifyLookupAttributes} modifyLookupAttributes
{@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin#getLookupGroups JoinAdmin.getLookupGroups} getLookupGroups
{@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin#addLookupGroups JoinAdmin.addLookupGroups} addLookupGroups
{@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin#removeLookupGroups JoinAdmin.removeLookupGroups} removeLookupGroups
{@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin#setLookupGroups JoinAdmin.setLookupGroups} setLookupGroups
{@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin#getLookupLocators JoinAdmin.getLookupLocators} getLookupLocators
{@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin#addLookupLocators JoinAdmin.addLookupLocators} addLookupLocators
{@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin#removeLookupLocators JoinAdmin.removeLookupLocators} removeLookupLocators
{@link net.jini.admin.JoinAdmin#setLookupLocators JoinAdmin.setLookupLocators} setLookupLocators
{@link com.sun.jini.admin.DestroyAdmin#destroy DestroyAdmin.destroy} destroy
{@link net.jini.security.proxytrust.ProxyTrust#getProxyVerifier ProxyTrust.getProxyVerifier} getProxyVerifier
{@link com.sun.jini.start.ServiceProxyAccessor#getServiceProxy ServiceProxyAccessor.getServiceProxy} getServiceProxy

Loggers and Logging Levels

The Norm service implementation uses the {@link java.util.logging.Logger} named com.sun.jini.norm to log information at the following logging levels:

com.sun.jini.norm
Level Description
{@link java.util.logging.Level#SEVERE SEVERE} Problems that prevent service startup
{@link java.util.logging.Level#WARNING WARNING} Problems making modifications to persistent storage, unexpected internal errors
{@link java.util.logging.Level#INFO INFO} Service start, restart, or destruction; problems recovering lookup locators or lookup attributes; thread problems; leases or event listeners dropped because of definite exceptions; or problems when destroying the service, or in cleaning up after start up fails
{@link java.util.logging.Level#CONFIG CONFIG} Changes made to the service through administrative interfaces
{@link com.sun.jini.logging.Levels#HANDLED HANDLED} Indefinite exceptions renewing leases or delivering events, when preparing or unmarshalling leases or events, or for exceptions handled when destroying the service
{@link java.util.logging.Level#FINE FINE} Adding or removing leases, leases reaching desired expiration, creating lease renewal sets
{@link java.util.logging.Level#FINER FINER} Attempting to renew leases, taking persistence snapshots, persistence recovery
{@link java.util.logging.Level#FINEST FINEST} Low level operation tracing

See the {@link com.sun.jini.logging.LogManager} class for one way to use the HANDLED logging level in standard logging configuration files.

Examples for Running Norm

This section provides examples of running Norm in various configurations.

Assumptions for Running the Examples

The examples below make the following assumptions:

Throughout the example, items in bold need to be customized for your local environment.

Starting Transient Norm using JRMP

To run a transient Norm, which does not store any information persistently or use the activation system to restart itself, using JRMP for remote communication, run the following command. 

java -Djava.security.policy=config_dir/jsk-all.policy \
     -jar install_dir/lib/start.jar \
     config_dir/start-transient-jrmp-norm.config

This configuration uses the following files.

File config_dir/jsk-all.policy

Use this security policy file for starting and running all Norm configurations. This file grants all permissions to local code included in the lib subdirectory of the Apache River release installation.

grant codebase "file:install_dir/lib/*" {
    permission java.security.AllPermission;
};

File config_dir/start-transient-jrmp-norm.config

 Use this configuration source file to start transient Norm using JRMP. 

import com.sun.jini.start.NonActivatableServiceDescriptor;
import com.sun.jini.start.ServiceDescriptor;

com.sun.jini.start {
    private static codebase = "http://your_host:http_port/norm-dl.jar"
       + " http://your_host:http_port/jsk-dl.jar";
    private static policy = "config_dir/jsk-all.policy";
    private static classpath = "install_dir/lib/norm.jar";
    private static config = "config_dir/transient-jrmp-norm.config";

    static serviceDescriptors = new ServiceDescriptor[] {
	new NonActivatableServiceDescriptor(
	    codebase, policy, classpath,
	    "com.sun.jini.norm.TransientNormServerImpl",
	    new String[] { config })
    };
}

File config_dir/transient-jrmp-norm.config

 Use this configuration source file to run transient Norm using JRMP. 

import net.jini.jrmp.JrmpExporter;

com.sun.jini.norm {
    initialLookupGroups = new String[] { "your.group" };
    serverExporter = new JrmpExporter();
}

Starting Persistent Norm using JRMP

 To run a persistent Norm, which stores information persistently but does not use the activation system to restart itself, using JRMP for remote communication, run the following command. 

java -Djava.security.policy=config_dir/jsk-all.policy \
     -jar install_dir/lib/start.jar \
     config_dir/start-persistent-jrmp-norm.config

Note: Because JRMP does not provide a convenient way to specify the same object ID each time a given object is exported, this configuration is only useful for debugging -- an existing service proxy cannot be used after the service is restarted.

This configuration uses the following additional files.

File config_dir/start-persistent-jrmp-norm.config

Use this configuration source file to start persistent Norm using JRMP. 

import com.sun.jini.start.NonActivatableServiceDescriptor;
import com.sun.jini.start.ServiceDescriptor;

com.sun.jini.start {
    private static codebase = "http://your_host:http_port/norm-dl.jar"
       + " http://your_host:http_port/jsk-dl.jar";
    private static policy = "config_dir/jsk-all.policy";
    private static classpath = "install_dir/lib/norm.jar";
    private static config = "config_dir/persistent-jrmp-norm.config";

    static serviceDescriptors = new ServiceDescriptor[] {
	new NonActivatableServiceDescriptor(
	    codebase, policy, classpath,
	    "com.sun.jini.norm.PersistentNormServerImpl",
	    new String[] { config })
    };
}

File config_dir/persistent-jrmp-norm.config

 Use this configuration source file to run persistent Norm using JRMP. 

import net.jini.jrmp.JrmpExporter;

com.sun.jini.norm {
    initialLookupGroups = new String[] { "your.group" };
    persistenceDirectory = "config_dir/norm.log";
    serverExporter = new JrmpExporter();
}

Starting Activatable Norm using JRMP

 To run an activatable Norm, which stores information persistently and uses the activation system to restart itself, using JRMP for remote communication, run the following command. 

java -Djava.security.policy=config_dir/jsk-all.policy \
     -jar install_dir/lib/start.jar \
     config_dir/start-activatable-jrmp-norm.config

You should remove the config_dir/group.log directory before running this command. Note that the activation system will restart the activatable Norm service as needed until Norm is shutdown.

Remember to remove the config_dir/norm.log directory before running this command if you want Norm to forget registrations and settings made in previous invocations.

This configuration uses the following additional files.

File config_dir/start-activatable-jrmp-norm.config

Use this configuration source file to start activatable Norm using JRMP. 

import com.sun.jini.start.ServiceDescriptor;
import com.sun.jini.start.SharedActivatableServiceDescriptor;
import com.sun.jini.start.SharedActivationGroupDescriptor;

com.sun.jini.start {
    private static normCodebase = "http://your_host:http_port/norm-dl.jar"
       + " http://your_host:http_port/jsk-dl.jar";
    private static normPolicy = "config_dir/jsk-all.policy";
    private static normClasspath = "install_dir/lib/norm.jar";
    private static normConfig = "config_dir/activatable-jrmp-norm.config";

    private static groupCodebase = "http://your_host:http_port/group-dl.jar";
    private static groupPolicy = "config_dir/jsk-all.policy";
    private static groupClasspath = "install_dir/lib/sharedvm.jar";
    private static groupPersistenceDirectory = "config_dir/group.log";

    static serviceDescriptors = new ServiceDescriptor[] {
	new SharedActivationGroupDescriptor(
	    groupPolicy, groupClasspath, groupPersistenceDirectory,
	    null /* serverCommand */,
	    null /* serverOptions */,
	    null /* serverProperties */),
	new SharedActivatableServiceDescriptor(
	    normCodebase, normPolicy, normClasspath,
	    "com.sun.jini.norm.ActivatableNormServerImpl",
	    groupPersistenceDirectory,
	    new String[] { normConfig },
	    true /* restart */)
    };
}

File config_dir/activatable-jrmp-norm.config

 Use this configuration source file to run activatable Norm using JRMP. 

import java.rmi.activation.ActivationID;
import net.jini.jrmp.JrmpExporter;

com.sun.jini.norm {
    initialLookupGroups = new String[] { "your.group" };
    persistenceDirectory = "config_dir/norm.log";
    serverExporter = new JrmpExporter((ActivationID) $data, 0);
}

Stopping Activatable Norm

 To destroy the activation group running an activatable Norm, run using either JRMP or Jini ERI, run the following command. 

java -Djava.security.policy=config_dir/jsk-all.policy \
     -jar install_dir/lib/destroy.jar \
     config_dir/stop-activatable-norm.config

Running this command will remove the config_dir/group.log directory.

Note that this command does not actually destroy the service itself, but just destroys the activation group the service is running in. You may want to first destroy the service using Norm's administrable interface, or to remove the config_dir/norm.log directory after destroying the activation group.

This command uses the following additional file.

File config_dir/stop-activatable-norm.config

Use this configuration source file to destroy the activation group for an activatable Norm. 

import com.sun.jini.start.ServiceDescriptor;
import com.sun.jini.start.SharedActivatableServiceDescriptor;

com.sun.jini.start {
    private static codebase = "http://your_host:http_port/group-dl.jar";
    private static policy = "config_dir/jsk-all.policy";
    private static classpath = "install_dir/lib/group.jar";
    private static persistenceDirectory = "config_dir/group.log";

    static serviceDestructors = new ServiceDescriptor[] {
	new SharedActivatableServiceDescriptor(
	    codebase, policy, classpath,
	    "com.sun.jini.start.SharedGroupImpl",
	    persistenceDirectory,
	    null /* config */,
	    false /* restart */)
    };
}

Starting Transient Norm using Jini ERI

 To run a transient Norm, which does not store any information persistently or use the activation system to restart itself, using Jini ERI for remote communication, run the following command. 

java -Djava.security.policy=config_dir/jsk-all.policy \
     -jar install_dir/lib/start.jar \
     config_dir/start-transient-norm.config

This configuration uses the following additional files.

File config_dir/start-transient-norm.config

Use this configuration source file to start transient Norm using Jini ERI. 

import com.sun.jini.start.NonActivatableServiceDescriptor;
import com.sun.jini.start.ServiceDescriptor;

com.sun.jini.start {
    private static codebase = "http://your_host:http_port/norm-dl.jar"
       + " http://your_host:http_port/jsk-dl.jar";
    private static policy = "config_dir/jsk-all.policy";
    private static classpath = "install_dir/lib/norm.jar";
    private static config = "config_dir/transient-norm.config";

    static serviceDescriptors = new ServiceDescriptor[] {
	new NonActivatableServiceDescriptor(
	    codebase, policy, classpath,
	    "com.sun.jini.norm.TransientNormServerImpl",
	    new String[] { config })
    };
}

File config_dir/transient-norm.config

 Use this configuration source file to run transient Norm using Jini ERI. 

com.sun.jini.norm {
    initialLookupGroups = new String[] { "your.group" };
}

Starting Persistent Norm using Jini ERI

 To run a persistent Norm, which stores information persistently but does not use the activation system to restart itself, using Jini ERI for remote communication, run the following command. 

java -Djava.security.policy=config_dir/jsk-all.policy \
     -jar install_dir/lib/start.jar \
     config_dir/start-persistent-norm.config

This configuration uses the following additional files.

File config_dir/start-persistent-norm.config

Use this configuration source file to start persistent Norm using Jini ERI. 

import com.sun.jini.start.NonActivatableServiceDescriptor;
import com.sun.jini.start.ServiceDescriptor;

com.sun.jini.start {
    private static codebase = "http://your_host:http_port/norm-dl.jar"
       + " http://your_host:http_port/jsk-dl.jar";
    private static policy = "config_dir/jsk-all.policy";
    private static classpath = "install_dir/lib/norm.jar";
    private static config = "config_dir/persistent-norm.config";

    static serviceDescriptors = new ServiceDescriptor[] {
	new NonActivatableServiceDescriptor(
	    codebase, policy, classpath,
	    "com.sun.jini.norm.PersistentNormServerImpl",
	    new String[] { config })
    };
}

File config_dir/persistent-norm.config

 Use this configuration source file to run persistent Norm using Jini ERI. 

import net.jini.id.UuidFactory;
import net.jini.jeri.BasicILFactory;
import net.jini.jeri.BasicJeriExporter;
import net.jini.jeri.tcp.TcpServerEndpoint;

com.sun.jini.norm {
    initialLookupGroups = new String[] { "your.group" };
    persistenceDirectory = "config_dir/norm.log";
    serverExporter = new BasicJeriExporter(
	TcpServerEndpoint.getInstance(obj_port),
	new BasicILFactory(),
	false,
	true,
	UuidFactory.create("obj_UUID_string"));
}
The obj_port is the fixed TCP port to use for listening for requests for this object. The obj_UUID_string is the {@linkplain net.jini.id.Uuid universally unique ID} for the exported object. These IDs have the form "01234567-89ab-cdef-0123-456789abcdef".

Remember to remove the config_dir/norm.log directory before restarting persistent Norm if you want it to forget registrations and settings made in previous invocations.

Starting Activatable Norm using Jini ERI

To run an activatable Norm, which stores information persistently and uses the activation system to restart itself, using Jini ERI for remote communication, run the following command. 

java -Djava.security.policy=config_dir/jsk-all.policy \
     -jar install_dir/lib/start.jar \
     config_dir/start-activatable-norm.config

You should remove the config_dir/group.log directory before running this command. Note that the activation system will restart the activatable Norm service as needed until Norm is shutdown.

Remember to remove the config_dir/norm.log directory before running this command if you want Norm to forget registrations and settings made in previous invocations.

This configuration uses the following additional files.

File config_dir/start-activatable-norm.config

Use this configuration source file to start activatable Norm using Jini ERI. 

import com.sun.jini.start.ServiceDescriptor;
import com.sun.jini.start.SharedActivatableServiceDescriptor;
import com.sun.jini.start.SharedActivationGroupDescriptor;

com.sun.jini.start {
    private static normCodebase = "http://your_host:http_port/norm-dl.jar"
       + " http://your_host:http_port/jsk-dl.jar";
    private static normPolicy = "config_dir/jsk-all.policy";
    private static normClasspath = "install_dir/lib/norm.jar";
    private static normConfig = "config_dir/activatable-norm.config";

    private static groupCodebase = "http://your_host:http_port/group-dl.jar";
    private static groupPolicy = "config_dir/jsk-all.policy";
    private static groupClasspath = "install_dir/lib/sharedvm.jar";
    private static groupPersistenceDirectory = "config_dir/group.log";

    static serviceDescriptors = new ServiceDescriptor[] {
	new SharedActivationGroupDescriptor(
	    groupPolicy, groupClasspath, groupPersistenceDirectory,
	    null /* serverCommand */,
	    null /* serverOptions */,
	    null /* serverProperties */),
	new SharedActivatableServiceDescriptor(
	    normCodebase, normPolicy, normClasspath,
	    "com.sun.jini.norm.ActivatableNormServerImpl",
	    groupPersistenceDirectory,
	    new String[] { normConfig },
	    true /* restart */)
    };
}

File config_dir/activatable-norm.config

 Use this configuration source file to run activatable Norm using Jini ERI. 

com.sun.jini.norm {
    initialLookupGroups = new String[] { "your.group" };
    persistenceDirectory = "config_dir/norm.log";
}
@see net.jini.lease.LeaseRenewalService